تقييم إدارة المياه في تحسين أداء عباد الشمس (Helianthus annuus L.) لإزالة معدن الرصاص الثقيل Pb²⁺
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54153/sjpas.2026.v8i1.1192الكلمات المفتاحية:
Water، Remediation,، Heavy metal,، Helianthus annuus L.الملخص
أُجريت هذه الدراسة في معهد بكراجو التقني (2021-2022)، لدراسة العوامل المؤثرة في إزالة الرصاص (Pb²⁺) باستخدام نوعين من عباد الشمس، هما "ليمون كوين" و"ماموث روسي". تم استخدام تصميم كتلة عشوائية كاملة (CRD) وتحليل التباين (ANOVA) لتقييم تأثيرات الأنواع، وأنواع المياه، واستنفاد الرطوبة، وتفاعلاتها على إزالة الرصاص (Pb²⁺) والتنقل الحيوي له. أظهرت النتائج تأثيرات كبيرة للأنواع (p = 0.00047)، وأنواع المياه (p = 0.001)، وتفاعلها (p = 0.001) على عامل إزالة الرصاص الحيوي (BAF Pb²⁺)، مما يبرز أهمية هذه العوامل في تحسين إزالة الرصاص بواسطة نباتات عباد الشمس. كما أثر استنفاد الرطوبة بشكل كبير على إزالة الرصاص (p = 0.036)، إلا أن التفاعلات من الدرجة الأعلى، مثل الأنواع × استنفاد الرطوبة وأنواع المياه × استنفاد الرطوبة، لم تكن ذات دلالة إحصائية. كما أظهرت الدراسة أن الأنواع وأنواع المياه أثرت بشكل كبير في انتقال الرصاص (F = 6071.850، p = 0.00016)، وتركيز الرصاص في الجذور (p = 0.002)، ومستويات الرصاص في التربة (F = 451.077، p = 0.002). بالإضافة إلى ذلك، أثرت الأنواع وأنواع المياه بشكل كبير في امتصاص البوتاسيوم (K⁺) في الجذور (F = 601664.1، p < 0.0001)، بينما كان لاستنفاد الرطوبة تأثير ضئيل. تؤكد هذه النتائج أهمية اختيار الأنواع المناسبة وإدارة المياه لتحقيق أقصى استفادة من إزالة الرصاص الحيوي
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